Highlights
- •Health care providers are lacking knowledge about gender-affirming care.
- •Transgender and gender-diverse patients face health care barriers that impact their health and well-being.
- •Gender-affirming hormone therapy guidelines with monitoring parameters and care considerations for individuals ≥16 years old are reviewed
- •Primary care guidelines and resources for health care providers and transgender and gender-diverse patients are included.
Abstract
Transgender and gender-diverse individuals face discrimination, bias, stigma, socioeconomic
barriers, lack of knowledgeable, and/or supportive gender-affirming health care across
the nation. Many primary care providers have not been educated about gender-affirming
hormone therapy and the health care considerations using these necessary hormones
for patients ≥16 years old. This review highlights basic gender-affirming hormone
therapy management with monitoring parameters and some common primary care practice
applications for transgender and gender-diverse patients. Evidence-based guidelines,
resources, and advocacy links are provided and in alignment with the latest version
of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care.
Keywords
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Biography
Elke Zschaebitz, DNP, FNP-BC, is an assistant professor at Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC, and can be contacted at [email protected]
Biography
Afton Bradley, MSN, MSW, FNP, is VLPP:GAHT Program co-director, Richmond, VA.
Biography
Signey Olson, DNP, CNM, WHNP-BC, is an assistant professor at Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC.
Biography
Catherine Casey, MD, is an associate professor of family medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
Biography
Jacqueline Britz, MD, MSPH, is an assistant professor, clinician-researcher, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 02, 2023
Footnotes
In compliance with standard ethical guidelines, the authors report no relationships with business or industry that would pose a conflict of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
