The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Volume 3, Issue 8 , Pages 530-537 , September 2007

Management of Heart Failure and Treatment Algorithm

  • Vicky Chang, MSN, APRN, BC-ADM

      Affiliations

    • Vicky Chang, MSN, APRN, BC-ADM, is affiliated with the Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven Campus.

References 

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heart Failure Fact Sheet. 2006.
  2. Hauptman PJ , Havranek EP . Integrating palliative care into heart failure care . Arch Inter Med . 2005;165(4):374–378 http://www.cdc.gov/DHDSP/library/fs_heart_failure.html
  3. Rivera DA , Bristow MR . Cardiac resynchronization—a heart failure perspective . Ann Noninv Electrocard . 2005;10(4):S16–S23
  4. Heart Failure Society of America  . HSFA 2006 comprehensive heart failure practice guideline . J Card Fail . 2006;2006(1):e1–e122
  5. In: ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult . Washington, DC: American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association; 2005;p. 1–82
  6. Remme WJ , Swedberg K . Task Force on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure . Eur Heart J . 2001;22(17):1527–1560
  7. Prendergast HM , Bunney EB . Management of chronic heart failure: an old disease with a new face . Emerg Med Australas . 2005;17(2):143–151
  8. Odedra K , Ferro A . Neurohormones and heart failure: the importance of aldosterone . Int J Clin Pract . 2006;60(7):835–846
  9. Greenberg BH , Hermann DD . In: Contemporary diagnosis and management of heart failure . Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Health Care; 2002;p. 5–269
  10. McKee PA , Castelli WP , McNamara PM , Kannel WB . The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study . N Engl J Med . 1971;285(26):1441–1446
  11. Maisel AS , Krishnaswamy P , Nowak RM , et al.   Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure . N Engl J Med . 2002;347(14):161–167
  12. Cleland JG , Habib F . Assessment and diagnosis of heart failure . J Intern Med . 1996;23(4):317–325
  13. Sharpe N . Management principles: much more to be gained . In:  Sharpe N editors. Heart failure management . London, United Kingdom: Matinez Dunitz; 2000;p. 15–27
  14. Chatterjee K . Diastolic and systolic heart failure—similarities and differences, part 1 . Cardiol Rounds . 2005;9(9):1–6
  15. Pfeiffer MA , Swedberg K , Granger CB , et al.   Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme . Lancet . 2003;362(9386):759–766
  16. Cohn J , Tognoni G , Valsartan Heart Failure Trial Investigators  . A randomized trial of angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure . N Engl J Med . 2001;345(23):1667–1675
  17. Pitt B , Poole-Wilson PA , Segal R , et al.   Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomized trial—the Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study, ELITE II . Lancet . 2000;355(9215):1582–1587
  18. Pitt B , Zannad F , Remme W , et al.   The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure . N Engl J Med . 1999;341(10):709–717

 In conjunction with national ethical standards, this author reports no relationship with business or industry that represents a conflict of interest.

PII: S1555-4155(07)00438-2

doi: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2007.05.021

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Volume 3, Issue 8 , Pages 530-537 , September 2007

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